13Feb 2025 by Grant Fritchey No Comments

Free PostgreSQL Performance Monitoring with pgNow

PostgreSQL
I've been putting together a new PostgreSQL session called "Performance Monitoring for the Absolute Beginner." There are several ways to get an understanding of how well your queries are running in PostgreSQL, but, frankly, all of them are a bit of a pain to someone coming from the land of Extended Events (ah, my one true love). Because of this, I saw it as an opportunity to help those just getting going in PostgreSQL. I'll be presenting it for the first time at Postgres Conference in Orlando on March 19, 2025. Come on by. Anyhoo, wouldn't it be nice to maybe have a shortcut, an easier way to look at this information? Well, there is. Redgate has been working on a completely free tool for leveraging just this sort of…
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11Oct 2022 by Grant Fritchey No Comments

Query Store at PASS Data Community Summit

SQL Server, T-SQL
While Query Store has been out for quite some time now, released in 2016, there's still quite a lot of missing understanding of what Query Store can do for you, and, how it does it. I've put together a new presentation on the Query Store, "Using Query Store to Understand and Control Query Performance", incorporating the latest stuff from 2022, but still showing you all the goods from 2016, for the PASS Data Community Summit. Why Query Store I've been in love with Query Store since it was released. If you look through my blog, I've been talking about Query Store a lot. I provided a little help to Tracy Boggiano on her book (yes, emphasis on hers, because it is, I just helped), Query Store for SQL Server 2019.…
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10Oct 2022 by Grant Fritchey No Comments

Check Every Metric

SQL Server
Recently, a person asked about the costs differences in an execution plan, referencing them as if they were performance measures. The key to understanding performance is to check every metric. When it comes to execution plans, I'm sure I've said this before, so please allow me to repeat myself. The cost numbers shown in an execution plan, which, barring a recompile, will be the same for an execution plan or an execution plan with runtime metrics (aka, estimated and actual plans), are not measures of performance. They do not represent actual metrics. Instead, they are calculations of a theoretical actual performance measurement. So, you can't look at two plans, with two costs, and say, "this plan will perform better." Instead, you can say, "this plan has a lower estimated cost."…
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11Apr 2022 by Grant Fritchey 7 Comments

Query Tuning and Easy Solutions

SQL Server
TLDR: There ain't one. I was privileged last week to be able to present a couple of sessions at the SQL Server and Azure SQL Conference (great event, I recommend it). One of my sessions was an intro to query tuning. Basically, I went through a bunch of common code smells and suggested different possible solutions. The one thing that came up, both from my own stories and the questions from the (engaged) audience, is just how much everyone wants a magic, run fast, switch. Query Tuning The Easy Way Here you go. The single easiest way to make your queries run faster: Just throw money at the problem. Buy more hardware. Buy bigger hardware. Get more disks and disk controllers (not just more disks). Go to the next highest…
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18Jan 2022 by Grant Fritchey 4 Comments

Two Clustered Indexes?

SQL Server
Everyone knows that you only get a single clustered index, right? Wouldn't it be great though if you could have two clustered indexes? Well, you can. Sort of. Let's talk about it. Two Clustered Indexes First I'm going to create a table: DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dbo.od; GO SELECT pod.PurchaseOrderID, pod.PurchaseOrderDetailID, pod.DueDate, pod.OrderQty, pod.ProductID, pod.UnitPrice, pod.LineTotal, pod.ReceivedQty, pod.RejectedQty, pod.StockedQty, pod.ModifiedDate INTO dbo.od FROM Purchasing.PurchaseOrderDetail AS pod; With that in place, let's start with a clustered index: CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX TestCIndex ON od (ProductID); And, a query to test with: SELECT od.PurchaseOrderID, od.PurchaseOrderDetailID, od.DueDate, od.OrderQty, od.ProductID, od.UnitPrice, od.LineTotal, od.ReceivedQty, od.RejectedQty, od.StockedQty, od.ModifiedDate FROM dbo.od WHERE od.ProductID BETWEEN 500 AND 510 ORDER BY od.ProductID; This results in the following execution plan: OK. Well done, Grant. That's how a clustered index works. The…
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03Jan 2022 by Grant Fritchey 4 Comments

Identifying Recompile Causes

SQL Server
Strictly speaking, a recompile isn't really a performance tuning problem. In fact, a lot of time, recompiles are desired because they reflect changes in statistics which are likely to need a new plan. However, you can get really excessive levels of recompiles because of a variety of different issues. So, identifying the causes can be a pain. Here's one way to get it done. Extended Events for Recompile Causes You knew I was going there. Seriously though, we know that, since SQL Server 2005, all recompiles are at the statement level (unless you call for a recompile of a procedure or create that proc with a RECOMPILE hint). So, capturing the recompiles and getting grotty on the details means capturing statements. Understand that this can be expensive, especially in terms…
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22Mar 2021 by Grant Fritchey 9 Comments

Query Store as an Upgrade Tool

SQL Server, Tools
There are a lot of uses for Query Store, but one of the most interesting is as an upgrade tool. We all know that upgrades in SQL Server can be more than a little bit nerve wracking. No matter how much you tested stuff in lower environments, deploying an update to production might result in performance issues as your code hits a regression. This is even more true when upgrading from versions of SQL Server prior to 2014 to anything 2014 and above. That's because of the new cardinality estimation engine introduced in 2014. Most queries won't notice it. Some queries will benefit from the better estimates. A few, problematic, queries will suffer. This is where Query Store can be used as an upgrade tool. The Steps We're going to…
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27Apr 2020 by Grant Fritchey 7 Comments

How Does The CHOOSE Command Affect Performance?

SQL Server, T-SQL
Questions absolutely drive my blog content and I really liked this one: how does the T-SQL CHOOSE command affect performance. On the face of it, I honestly don't think it will affect performance at all, depending on where and how you use it. However, the answer is always best supplied by testing. T-SQL CHOOSE Command The CHOOSE command was added in SQL Server 2012. It's fairly straight forward. You supply an array and a numbered index for that array and CHOOSE will pull the matching value for that index. It works like this. We'll start with a simple proc and execute it: CREATE OR ALTER PROC dbo.CarrierAndFlag ( @SalesOrderID INT, @Flag INT ) AS BEGIN SELECT sod.CarrierTrackingNumber, CHOOSE(@Flag, 'A', 'B', 'C') AS Flag FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail AS sod WHERE sod.SalesOrderID =…
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13Jan 2020 by Grant Fritchey 4 Comments

Causality Tracking in Extended Events

SQL Server
If you go through all the stuff I've written about Extended Events, you'll find that I use causality tracking quite a bit. However, I've never just talked about what causality tracking is and why I use it so frequently. Let's fix that issue now. Causality Tracking Causality tracking is quite simple to understand. It's property that you set for a given session. A session, of course, is defined by one or more events and a target. You can define things about a session, like it's name, when you define the session itself. Turning on, or enabling, causality tracking is just a matter of defining that the session will have causality tracking. It looks like this in the GUI: It looks like this in the T-SQL code: CREATE EVENT SESSION QueryBehavior…
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12Nov 2018 by Grant Fritchey 16 Comments

Bad Query Performance Tips Rebutted

T-SQL
Once upon a time, someone, somewhere, wrote a list of bad query performance tips and they've been copied all over the internet, over and over. Even worse, sometimes the tips are copied or edited incorrectly, making a bad suggestion even worse. Can we please, stop copying this list? I've tried to poke holes in this list before, one point at a time. This time, I'm just taking it all on. Follow This Advice I'm going to list all the bad query performance tips and I'll explain where they're good and where they're bad. However, the single most important thing I can tell you is, test your own system. Some of these tips have some merit, situationally. You'll need to see if you're in the situation. So please, don't just trust…
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